There are obvious differences in the spatial distribution of seasonal forest fire risks in Hunan Province, and winter and spring are the seasons with high forest fire risks. The most important drivers of forest fires in Hunan Province are meteorology and vegetation. The results show that the RF algorithm performs best compared to the SVM and GBDT algorithms with 91.68% accuracy, 91.96% precision, 92.78% recall, 92.37% F1, and 97.2% AUC. It used random forest, support vector machine, and gradient boosting decision tree models to predict the probability of forest fires in Hunan Province and selected the RF algorithm to create a forest fire risk map of Hunan Province to quantify the potential forest fire risk. This study selected 19 forest fire impact factors based on satellite monitoring hotspot data, meteorological data, topographic data, vegetation data, and social and human data from 2010–2018. Predicting the probability of forest fires and drawing forest fire risk maps can provide a reference basis for forest fire control management in Hunan Province. Forest fire is a primary disaster that destroys forest resources and the ecological environment, and has a serious negative impact on the safety of human life and property.
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